Consumer law changed on 1 October 2015, as the Consumer Rights Act came into force. /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] 28 [409 0 R 410 0 R 411 0 R 412 0 R 413 0 R 414 0 R 415 0 R 415 0 R 415 0 R 415 0 R 200 0 R 200 0 R 200 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 25 0 obj /Contents 91 0 R 162 0 R 162 0 R 163 0 R 163 0 R 163 0 R 164 0 R 164 0 R 164 0 R 165 0 R 165 0 R >> /CS /DeviceRGB Riefa, C Codification: the future of English consumer law? (2015) 4 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] /StructParents 15 /GS7 53 0 R 02 January 2018. >> << /GS8 54 0 R >> /Tabs /S hasContentIssue false. music on a CD) then it will be subject to the digital content standards. /Type /Group . 15 [259 0 R 260 0 R 261 0 R 262 0 R 263 0 R 263 0 R 263 0 R 264 0 R 264 0 R 264 0 R endobj Codification: the future of English consumer law? /F6 52 0 R In this briefing note, we highlight some of the key features of the Act. /Type /Page The Supreme Court recently described Aziz as the leading case on the topic: Cavendish Square Holding, above n 82, at [105]. endobj Google Scholar. In particular, the Consumer Sales Directive 99/44/EC, the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Directive 93/13/EEC and the Consumer Rights Directive 2011/83/EU have all made significant changes to Member State law, promoting the idea of the informed consumer, able to assert his or her rights in entering consumer contracts. >> 19. The notion of consumer: European Union vs. /F4 50 0 R /Type /Group /ExtGState << Unfair Terms in Contracts Law Com No 292/Scot Law Com No 199/Cm 6464, 2005. It is also available if the service is not performed within a reasonable time or in line with information given about the trader. /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] 345 0 R 346 0 R 346 0 R 346 0 R 346 0 R 346 0 R 346 0 R 346 0 R 346 0 R 346 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R /Contents 93 0 R /Annotation /Sect Provisions for secondary ticketing and lettings came into force on 27 May 2015, [2] and provisions for alternative dispute resolution . 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R] /S /Transparency Kenny, M The Law Commissions 2012 issues paper on unfair terms: subverting the system of Europeanized private law? (2013) 21 Eur Rev Private L 871 33. This remedy also already exists under the SSGCRs and is available where a repair or replacement is unsuccessful, impossible or not provided within a reasonable timeframe or without significant inconvenience to the consumer. /ExtGState << Tereszkiewicz, Piotr 47. Hyde, Richard 236 0 R 236 0 R 236 0 R 236 0 R 236 0 R 236 0 R 236 0 R 237 0 R 237 0 R 237 0 R The EC Directive on certain aspects of the sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees all talk and no do? /Type /Group Straetmans, G Some thoughts on the future European consumer acquis [2009] Eur Bus L Rev 423.Google Scholar, 135. >> 9. 311 0 R 311 0 R 311 0 R 311 0 R 312 0 R 313 0 R] /Parent 2 0 R /GS8 54 0 R See Case C-279/12 Fish Legal and Shirley [2014] QB 521, at [42]; Case C-204/09 Flachglas Torgau [2013] QB 212, at [37]. Click to subscribe or manage your email preferences. /F6 52 0 R endobj 132. Gerstenberg, O Constitutional reasoning in private law: the role of the CJEU in adjudicating unfair terms in consumer contracts (2015) 21 Eur L J 599 at 621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 137. The reduction in price must be an appropriate amount taking into account all of the circumstances and can be anything up to the whole price paid. >> endobj >> /F11 74 0 R >> 175 0 R 175 0 R 176 0 R 176 0 R 176 0 R 177 0 R 178 0 R 178 0 R 178 0 R 178 0 R >> /Type /Page Van Hoecke, M and Warrington, M Legal cultures, legal paradigms and legal doctrine: towards a new model for comparative law (1998) 47 Int'l Comp L Q 495 at 533.CrossRefGoogle Scholar. /Parent 2 0 R DB"`)NNO5WtrNR{.VdgRjm[ V$|@=E|\q_AWtZn= c' ZGzv&R /StructParents 0 /F5 51 0 R 57. /Resources << 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R >> 35. Consider, however, the recent case of Case C-110/14 Costea v SC Volksbank Romnia SA ECLI:EU:C:2015:538 (3 September 2015). 380 0 R 380 0 R 380 0 R 380 0 R 380 0 R 380 0 R 380 0 R 380 0 R 380 0 R 380 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] The CRA introduces a new regime specifically for digital content defined as data which is produced and supplied in digital form and offers some welcome clarity as previously it was often unclear as to whether digital content should be categorised as goods or services in certain contexts. >> 82. /Resources << /Group << /Type /Page CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Directive 1999/44/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 May 1999 on certain aspects of the sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees; OJ L 171 (7 July 1999) pp 1216. 101. >> This replaces the current two-tier system available under the Sale and Supply of Goods to Consumers Regulations 2002 ("SSGCRs"). 125. /Contents 83 0 R /Font << Competition Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 8th edn, 2015) pp 77 ffCrossRefGoogle Scholar. endobj /Parent 2 0 R /F4 50 0 R /F6 52 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R >> 385 0 R 385 0 R 385 0 R 385 0 R 385 0 R 386 0 R] /F4 50 0 R /ExtGState << 2 It has been described by consumer organisation Which? /ExtGState << endobj /F1 47 0 R /ExtGState << Right to a price reduction or final right to reject. >> Whittaker, S Unfair contract terms, unfair prices and bank charges (2011) 74 Mod L Rev 106 /CS /DeviceRGB 332 0 R 332 0 R 332 0 R 332 0 R] /Type /Page >> 78. /CS /DeviceRGB Google Scholar. In the event that the digital content is provided in tangible form (e.g. 36 0 obj 2 0 obj 8 [188 0 R 189 0 R 190 0 R 191 0 R 192 0 R 193 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 196 0 R 197 0 R 38 0 obj 357 0 R 357 0 R 357 0 R 357 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] 123 0 R 123 0 R 123 0 R 123 0 R 123 0 R 124 0 R 124 0 R 124 0 R 124 0 R 124 0 R /GS7 53 0 R /Font << 128. 248 0 R 249 0 R] /Font << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] Google Scholar; /F5 51 0 R Collins, H Good faith in European contract law (1994) 14 Oxford J Legal Stud 229 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R] 69. It should be noted, however, that not all Member States have implemented the requirement for non individually negotiated terms; eg Austria, Czech Republic, France, Finland and Sweden. /Parent 2 0 R /GS8 54 0 R English and Scottish Law Commissions, above n 80, s 40. >> a car on a showroom floor or a TV in a department store) the goods must match the model, unless the relevant differences are brought to the consumers attention before they enter into the contract. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] BIS consulted from July to October 2012 on proposals to clarify consumer rights in goods, services and digital content: >> /Group << See eg 35 0 obj 152 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R 152 0 R 153 0 R 153 0 R 153 0 R 153 0 R 153 0 R /F4 50 0 R endobj Zimmermann, R and Whittaker, S (eds) Good Faith in European Contract Law (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000).Google Scholar. /F8 64 0 R /CS /DeviceRGB /Parent 2 0 R Google Scholar, who compares the Europeanized approach in First National Bank with the more traditional and formalistic approach of the Supreme Court in Abbey National. /S /Transparency See, generally, /S /Part 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R /Type /Group /Type /Group /CS /DeviceRGB See Above n 45, at 564. /StructTreeRoot 3 0 R Note that s 19(5) deals separately with s 12, providing that if the trader is in breach of a term that s 12 requires to be treated as included in the contract, the consumer has the right to recover from the trader the amount of any costs incurred by the consumer as a result of the breach, up to the amount of the price paid or the value of other consideration given for the goods. /Font << /F5 51 0 R /F4 50 0 R The Consumer Contracts (Amendment) Regulations 2015/1629 Regs 46 revoke the provisions of the 2013 Regulations in so far as they are replicated in the Act. 90. >> /Type /Page The reduction in price must be an appropriate amount taking into account all of the circumstances and can usually take into account any use that the consumer has had from the goods. << 201 0 R] Paula Giliker, Professor of Comparative Law, University of Bristol Law School, Wills Memorial Building, Queens Road, Clifton, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK. /CS /DeviceRGB However, unlike with goods, there is no cap on the number of repairs or replacements that the trader can provide before the consumer is entitled to a price reduction (see below). /GS7 53 0 R Digital content will often be supplied in tangible form (e.g. /Type /Page /F5 51 0 R CMA Unfair Contract Terms Guidance CMA 37 (2015). 50 countries ranked on their child data protection legislation May 25, 2022 / by Paul Bischoff Direct-to-Consumer DNA Testing: How protected is the genetic data you're submitting to these websites? /Tabs /S /Type /Group /F6 52 0 R /GS7 53 0 R 116. 104. >> /F1 47 0 R /Tabs /S The above rights and remedies will not apply where digital content is genuinely being supplied for free. 212 0 R 213 0 R 216 0 R 460 0 R 217 0 R 218 0 R 219 0 R 461 0 R 221 0 R 224 0 R 39. >> 407 0 R 407 0 R 407 0 R 407 0 R 407 0 R 408 0 R] /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] See These are areas where there has been considerable activity at both a national and EU level. /Parent 2 0 R How Ralph Nader defined consumer rights. 6 0 obj On provision of the repaired or replaced goods the consumer has either the remainder of the thirty (30) day period or seven (7) days, whichever is the longer, in which to reject the goods if they still do not conform to the contract. >> /F5 51 0 R 347 0 R 347 0 R 347 0 R 347 0 R 347 0 R 347 0 R] McKendrick, E /F4 50 0 R 114. 115. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] The short term right to reject does not apply where the only breach relates to incorrect installation. When it comes to the provision of services, the CRA largely reflects the relevant provisions of the Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982. /CS /DeviceRGB 342 0 R 342 0 R 342 0 R 342 0 R 342 0 R 342 0 R 342 0 R 342 0 R 342 0 R 342 0 R 9 [202 0 R 203 0 R 204 0 R 205 0 R 206 0 R 207 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R /F5 51 0 R /CS /DeviceRGB /GS8 54 0 R Go to solution grim_wrigler Pathfinder (1777feedbacks) View listings Options Mark as New Bookmark Subscribe Mute Subscribe to RSS Feed Permalink Print Email to a Friend Report Inappropriate Content 01-24-202007:04 AM /Group << Whittaker, S Judicial intervention and consumer contracts (2001) 117 L Q Rev 215 /Type /StructElem 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R >> /GS8 54 0 R /Type /Group /F5 51 0 R These are areas where there has been considerable activity at both a national and an EU level. The Consumer Rights Act 2015 seeks to consolidate in one place key consumer rights covering contracts for goods, services and digital content, and the law relating to unfair terms in consumer contracts. 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R] 19 [304 0 R 305 0 R 306 0 R 307 0 R 308 0 R 309 0 R 309 0 R 309 0 R 309 0 R 310 0 R 422 0 R 422 0 R 422 0 R 422 0 R 422 0 R 423 0 R 424 0 R 424 0 R 424 0 R 424 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] /F10 70 0 R Google Scholar. t. e. The Consumer Rights Act 2015 [1] is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom that consolidates existing consumer protection law legislation and also gives consumers a number of new rights and remedies. >> Google Scholar; /ExtGState << /F1 47 0 R /StructParents 18 See also /F4 50 0 R endobj /Resources << Kenny, M (2011) 19 Eur Rev Private L 43 /F1 47 0 R /GS7 53 0 R xVOP>I,n&-iR(m&K/s[ZJHLs8?gKY6yrme|jF|6OMj5eG^5}2e)>bPHAuOcA;t@hh@2 Case C-473/00 Cofidis v Fredout [2002] ECR I-10875, at [33]; Ocano Grupo, above n 93, at [26]. The three-tier structure generally operates as follows: This is a brand new statutory remedy which is available within the first thirty (30) days of the goods being supplied, unless the expected life of the goods is shorter (e.g. endobj SI 2002/3045. >> Giliker, P The transposition of the Consumer Rights Directive into UK law: implementing a maximum harmonization directive (2015) 23 /F1 47 0 R /F6 52 0 R CrossRefGoogle Scholar, who notes, however, that this reluctance is shared by other European national courts. /GS7 53 0 R >> 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R 117 0 R << 141. /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] I am not quite sure I completely agree with your assertions on misrepresentations and as for clarity/simplification issues of common law incorporation are surely of less importance as the Act aims to throw more responsibility onto the business of the potential consequences of reliance on the the use of unfair terms. Directives in EC Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2nd rev edn, 2005) ch 5Google Scholar. See also << /Group << /RoleMap 37 0 R The changes cover: what should happen when goods are faulty. 106 0 R 106 0 R 106 0 R 106 0 R 106 0 R 107 0 R 108 0 R 109 0 R 110 0 R 111 0 R 37. 20 [314 0 R 315 0 R 316 0 R 317 0 R 318 0 R 319 0 R 320 0 R 321 0 R 321 0 R 321 0 R /Tabs /S >> 7 [180 0 R 181 0 R 182 0 R 183 0 R 184 0 R 184 0 R 184 0 R 185 0 R 185 0 R 185 0 R /Font << 471 0 R 291 0 R 292 0 R 293 0 R 294 0 R 295 0 R 296 0 R 297 0 R 304 0 R 472 0 R One might query whether this is an adequate explanation. /Dialogsheet /Part /F4 50 0 R /Endnote /Note /S /Transparency 102. /GS7 53 0 R Google Scholar. /Tabs /S /ExtGState << Davidson Review (London: HM Treasury, November 2006). << /F5 51 0 R /Tabs /S 5. /S /Transparency /GS8 54 0 R /Group << 190 0 R 454 0 R 191 0 R 192 0 R 455 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 456 0 R 197 0 R 202 0 R /CS /DeviceRGB See also >> 20 0 obj % /Contents 69 0 R EU Consumer Law and Policy (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2nd edn, 2013) p 145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar. /StructParents 29 356 0 R 356 0 R 356 0 R 357 0 R 357 0 R 357 0 R 357 0 R 357 0 R 357 0 R 357 0 R << 370 0 R 370 0 R 370 0 R 370 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 371 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 208 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R 149 0 R << /GS8 54 0 R Prechal, S These measures will not be dealt with in this paper, although it should be noted that UK competition law is now heavily influenced by EU law: see /Font << /Count 32 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R 201 0 R /Annots [55 0 R] I am grateful for every post you make.https://my-mannequins.co.uk. /F4 50 0 R See eg @]'W(2wFK2fD'{jvy>hw5M[D4vj{Bv,+. Gavrilovic, N The Unfair Contract Terms Directive through the practice of the Court of Justice of the European Union: interpretation or something more? (2013) 9 Eur Rev Cont L 163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar. 53. /F4 50 0 R All supplies of goods to consumers are covered by the CRA (e.g. 305 0 R 306 0 R 307 0 R 308 0 R 314 0 R 473 0 R 315 0 R 316 0 R 317 0 R 474 0 R as 'the biggest shake up in consumer rights law in a generation'. Siems, M Contract Law (Aldershot: Pearson, 2nd edn, 2013) p 433 Where goods are supplied by reference to a model seen or examined by a consumer before they enter into a contract (e.g. /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] >> 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 404 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R 405 0 R /CS /DeviceRGB >> Google Scholar, above n 87, argued, however, that in many cases the court would be unlikely to encounter any particular practical difficulties in ascertaining the relevant facts: at [113]. 15. Eur J Consumer & Market L 12 at 20 endobj 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R 232 0 R /Parent 2 0 R endobj /Tabs /S /F1 47 0 R Weatherill, S The role of the informed consumer in EC law and policy (1994) 2 Consumer L J 49.Google Scholar. /GS8 54 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] /ExtGState << /Group << Ibid, at [50] per Lord Walker. Importantly, the CRA only applies to contracts between a trader and a consumer. /GS8 54 0 R /S /Transparency 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] MillerCrossRefGoogle Scholar, however, questions whether, despite apparent similarities, common law development of ss 1315 of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 had led to a different interpretation of key concepts such as description found in s 13 SGA and Art 2(2)(a) of the Directive: Contract Law: Text, Cases and Materials (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 6th edn, 2014) p 435 This concept developed in the free movement case-law of the CJEU but has since been applied more broadly, notably in the Unfair Commercial Practice Directive 2005/29/EC OJ L 149 (11 June 2005) pp 2239 (see Recital 18 and Art 5). See also /F2 48 0 R 140 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R 141 0 R Twigg-Flesner, C and Bradgate, R The EC Directive on certain aspects of the sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees all talk and no do? Web JCLI /Contents 81 0 R 329 0 R 329 0 R 329 0 R 329 0 R 329 0 R 329 0 R 329 0 R 330 0 R 330 0 R 330 0 R /GS7 53 0 R /Resources << 100. 3. /F1 47 0 R /F4 50 0 R /CS /DeviceRGB /GS7 53 0 R Essentially, the consumer chooses either to keep the goods and claim a reduction in price or return them and claim a refund. /Contents 84 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R The amount of the price reduction will depend on the seriousness of the breach and can be anything up to the whole price paid. Davies, P Bank charges in the Supreme Court [2010] Cambridge L J 21 /Font << /Type /Group >> /Type /Page 393 0 R 394 0 R 400 0 R 401 0 R 402 0 R 483 0 R 409 0 R 484 0 R 410 0 R 411 0 R See also Matei, above n 127. Interfoto Picture Library Ltd v Stiletto Visual Programmes Ltd [1989] 1 QB 433. /Font << 6 [167 0 R 168 0 R 169 0 R 170 0 R 171 0 R 172 0 R 173 0 R 174 0 R 175 0 R 175 0 R However, the CRA also introduces a new provision under which the trader is contractually liable for any statements it makes, whether about the service or the trader, that are taken into account by the consumer when deciding whether to enter into the contract or when making any decision about the service after entering into the contract. endobj /F6 52 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 276 0 R 277 0 R 277 0 R 277 0 R 277 0 R 277 0 R 277 0 R /GS7 53 0 R /StructParents 13 The CRA 2015 does not adequately address what happens in that situation but it does envisage the potential for the obligations to be treated severably. /Type /Group The Act applies to the UK (consumer rights are a reserved matter and not devolved to Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland). Fairness of variation terms in financial services consumer contracts under the Consumer Rights Act 2015 www.bsa.org.uk @BSABuildingSocs 3 (v) Purpose of the unfair contract terms provisions It is important that regulators, courts and ombudsmen do not over-interpret the unfair contract terms provisions, stretching them beyond their explicit >> Right to. As such, business-to-business ("B2B") contracts are not caught by the CRA. 349 0 R 350 0 R 351 0 R 352 0 R 353 0 R 354 0 R 360 0 R 479 0 R 362 0 R 480 0 R A requirement of prominence has been added to the main exemption in the UTCCRs relating to price setting and main subject matter terms. 61. Ibid, at [58]. /Type /Page /Contents 40 0 R /Parent 2 0 R /Contents 82 0 R /F5 51 0 R /Group << >> 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] /Type /Group 140. Transposed originally under Reg 3(2) UTCCR 1994 and then Reg 6(2) of the UTCCR 1999. 31 0 obj We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R /F2 48 0 R >> 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R 403 0 R << /Nums [0 [94 0 R 95 0 R 96 0 R 97 0 R 98 0 R 99 0 R 100 0 R 101 0 R 102 0 R 103 0 R >> Notably Art 34 TFEU. >> /Creator /F6 52 0 R /Resources << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] >> 18 [291 0 R 292 0 R 293 0 R 294 0 R 295 0 R 296 0 R 297 0 R 298 0 R 299 0 R 299 0 R /Pages 2 0 R /GS8 54 0 R >> Google Scholar. 187 0 R 187 0 R 187 0 R 187 0 R 187 0 R 187 0 R 187 0 R 187 0 R 187 0 R 187 0 R] The Consumer Rights Act 2015 (the "CRA) has been billed as the biggest overhaul of consumer rights in a generation. Back in October 2015, the CRA was believed to be one of the most significant overhauls of consumer rights in recent history. 27. >> 432 0 R 432 0 R 432 0 R] 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 345 0 R 29 [420 0 R 421 0 R 421 0 R 421 0 R 421 0 R 421 0 R 421 0 R 421 0 R 421 0 R 421 0 R 170 0 R 171 0 R 172 0 R 173 0 R 453 0 R 180 0 R 181 0 R 182 0 R 188 0 R 189 0 R /F1 47 0 R /Font << /Length 983 Twigg-Flesner, C et al Atiyah and Adams Sale of Goods (Harlow: Pearson, 13th edn, 2016) p 435 See also Twigg-Flesner and Bradgate, above n 10. /Group << >> >> /Font << for this article. endobj /Font << /Type /Group /F5 51 0 R European consumer protection law: curia semper dabit remedium? /F4 50 0 R Whish, R and Bailey, D >> Luckily, we've condensed what we believe to be the most important parts, so you don't have to sift through it all yourself. /Font << The main provisions of the Consumer Rights Act come into force on 1 October 2015 but what exactly has changed and what should businesses be doing to comply? English and Scottish Law Commissions Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts: Advice to the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (March 2013) s 32. /ExtGState << endobj << The Consumer Contracts (Amendment) Regulations 2015/1629 amend and revoke earlier legislation that had introduced these measures into UK law. /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] ] Schulte-Nlke, H, Twigg-Flesner, C and Ebers, M (eds) EC Consumer Law Compendium (Munich: Sellier, 2008)Google Scholar. Under Art 288(3) TFEU, the Member State has an obligation to transpose EU directives into the national legal system, although the choice of form and method of transposition is left to the national authorities. >> In addition, the Act implements some provisions (in respect of enforcement) of: Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council on cooperation between national authorities responsible for the enforcement of consumer protection laws; Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council setting out the requirements for accreditation and market surveillance relating to the marketing of products; Directive 2001/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on general product safety; and Directive 98/27/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on injunctions for the protection of consumers interests. This article will focus on the changes introduced by Parts 1 and 2 of the CRA, which will replace either wholly or in part a number of existing statutes that impact on the area of consumer law, including the Sale of Goods Act 1979, the Sale and Supply of Goods to Consumers Regulations 2002, the Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982, the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 and the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999. The standards which apply to digital content, which are clearly inspired by the goods standards, are that it must be of satisfactory quality, fit for purpose and as described. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] >> 131. 7. /Type /Page /ModDate (D:20160922113415+01'00') >> /F5 51 0 R >> 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R Total loading time: 0 Mak, V The average consumer of EU law in domestic and European litigation in Leczykiewicz, D and Weatherill, S (eds) The Involvement of EU Law in Private Law Relationships (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2013).Google Scholar, 122. /Font << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] /Contents 58 0 R endobj 17 0 obj /F6 52 0 R 18 0 obj Leczykiewicz, D and Weatherill, S (eds) The Images of the Consumer in EU Law (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2016).Google Scholar. /ExtGState << /Parent 2 0 R /Font << 273 0 R 274 0 R 468 0 R 281 0 R 282 0 R 283 0 R 469 0 R 284 0 R 470 0 R 287 0 R 97. 11 0 obj Willett, C Fairness and consumer decision making under the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive (2010) 33 J Consumer Pol'y 247 at 271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 136. Watterson, S Consumer Sales Directive 1999/44/EC the impact on English law (2001) 2 & 3 Eur Rev Private L 197. /Contents 67 0 R >> /Resources << 40 0 obj /CS /DeviceRGB /Contents 63 0 R /Type /Group It is worth bearing in mind that the statutory remedies in the CRA (whether relating to goods, services or digital content) do not prevent the consumer from seeking other remedies, such as suing for breach of contract, but there can be no double recovery. Ancery, A and Wissink, M Case-note on Pannon /Parent 2 0 R /Tabs /S /F6 52 0 R ), EU Competition Law: Text, Cases and Materials. >> Alexander Hickey KC Call 1995 King's Counsel 2016 Martyn Naylor (2010) 18 Eur Rev Private L 307 at 314Google Scholar. >> The Unfair Contract Terms Directive through the practice of the Court of Justice of the European Union: interpretation or something more? However, no deduction for use can be made where the goods are rejected within six (6) months of supply except in the case of motor vehicles. 223 0 R 223 0 R] /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 841.92] /F1 47 0 R /Group << 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R 358 0 R /Resources << 243 0 R 244 0 R 463 0 R 245 0 R 246 0 R 464 0 R 250 0 R 251 0 R 252 0 R 253 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R 214 0 R /F1 47 0 R /Type /Group >> freedom from minor defects of the goods. Willett, C, Morgan-Taylor, M and Naidoo, A The Sale and Supply of Goods to Consumers Regulations [2004] J Bus L 94 The Consumer Rights Act 2015 seeks to consolidate in one place key consumer rights covering contracts for goods, services and digital content, and the law relating to unfair terms in consumer contracts. /Contents 68 0 R >> See /StructParents 19 Note that s 23(3) rectifies s 48B(3)(c) of the Sale of Goods Act 1979, which arguably incorrectly implemented the Directive: see Twigg-Flesner et al, above n 47, p 511. /CS /DeviceRGB /Group << 150 0 R 150 0 R 150 0 R 151 0 R 151 0 R 151 0 R 151 0 R 151 0 R 151 0 R 152 0 R >> >> Consumer's rights to enforce terms about goods 20. /Type /Group See /F8 64 0 R See http://www.which.co.uk/consumer-rights/regulation/consumer-rights-act (accessed 16 September 2016). /ExtGState << Section 62(4): A term is unfair if, contrary to the requirement of good faith, it causes a significant imbalance in the parties rights and obligations under the contract to the detriment of the consumer. This was also the policy of the UTCCR; see Reg 5(1), 1999 Regulations.
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